Abstract
The factors controlling the preparation of volcanic eruptions in monogenetic fields are still poorly understood. The fact that in monogenetic volcanism each eruption has a different vent suggests that volcanic susceptibility has a high degree of randomness, so that accurate forecasting is subjected to a very high uncertainty. Recent studies on monogenetic volcanism reveal how sensitive magma migration is to the existence of changes in the stress field caused by regional and/or local tectonics or rheological contrasts (stratigraphic discontinuities). These stress variations may induce changes in the pattern of further movements of magma, thus conditioning the location of future eruptions. This implies that a precise knowledge of the stress configuration and distribution of rheological and structural discontinuities at crustal level of such volcanic systems would aid in forecasting monogenetic volcanism. This contribution reviews several basic concepts relative to the stress controls in monogenetic volcanic fields, and uses this information to explain how magma migrates inside such volcanic systems and how it prepares to trigger a new eruption.
Highlights
Monogenetic volcanism is the most extended type of volcanic activity on Earth (Walker, 2000)
We will first review some basic concepts on rock stress, we will focus our attention on the main physical controls on magma transport in monogenetic fields and, we will discuss on the implications of the stress field on volcanic susceptibility and the forecast of monogenetic eruptions
If the total magma pressure is greater than the principal horizontal stress, which may coincide with σ3, plus the tensile strength of the rock tested in extension parallel to the bedding (T//), the intrusion will propagate as a dyke
Summary
Monogenetic volcanism is the most extended type of volcanic activity on Earth (Walker, 2000). Studies on monogenetic volcanism reveal how sensitive magma migration is to the existence of changes in the stress field produced by regional and/or local tectonics or rheological contrasts (stratigraphic discontinuities, sheet intrusions, tectonic fractures, Delaney et al, 1986; Dahm, 2000; Gudmundsson and Philipp, 2006; Gaffney et al, 2007; Menand, 2008, 2011; Taisne and Jaupart, 2009; Maccaferri et al, 2010, 2011; Taisne et al, 2011; Gudmundsson, 2011b; Le Corvec et al, 2013b,c; Rivalta et al, 2015). We will first review some basic concepts on rock stress, we will focus our attention on the main physical controls on magma transport in monogenetic fields and, we will discuss on the implications of the stress field on volcanic susceptibility and the forecast of monogenetic eruptions
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