Stress and Deformation Analysis of Hip Joint for Design of Hip Prosthesis

Abstract

Biomechanics is a study of the musculoskeletal system and the resulting forces acting on them. Hip joint plays a vital role in the musculoskeletal system, which is why there is a need to analyze it more critically. However, with today’s knowledge of the mechanism of the hip, the study and analysis of stress distribution over the joint are limited. Recreating the environment according to daily activities is very important in the experimental analysis of the joint. This approach is difficult to conduct without and changes to the physiological environment. Numerical methods like finite element methods are used to analyze these systems without any damage or invasive processes. This paper has adopted a novel approach to analyze hip joint using 3D volumetric model generation techniques and finite element method. The hip joint is segmented from the computed tomography (CT) scans of a patient, and the bone model is developed with thresholding and volume generation algorithms. The joint along with the complete hip anatomy has been meshed with octahedral elements. A static load has been considered to apply at the hip joint, and the effect of the load is computed and analyzed. The analyzed data will help for effective design of hip prosthesis and an appropriate selection of material.