Stress and Basic Need Satisfaction of First-Year Healthcare Professional Students.

Abstract

Transitioning to graduate-level professional school can trigger stressful feelings for many students. The purpose of this study was to determine the stress levels and unmet basic needs of first-year graduate healthcare students during their transition from undergraduate institutions to professional school. The study was conducted at Midwestern University, a private, graduate-level, professional health sciences university located in the Midwest, during the 2018-2019 academic year. The survey was administered to all first-year students within the colleges of dentistry, medicine, optometry, and pharmacy. The Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) was used to evaluate participants' stress levels and the Basic Need Satisfaction Inventory (BNSI) was used to evaluate unmet basic needs. Of the 523 prospective participants, 404 survey responses were included (77.2% response rate). Female students showed higher perceived stress and lower basic need satisfaction. Perceived stress levels did not differ by professional program when taking into consideration the differences in gender distribution by program. A regression model indicated that gender and basic need satisfaction were the main predictors of perceived stress for healthcare professional students. Higher basic need satisfaction was predictive of lower perceived stress in healthcare professional students. Perceived stress levels remain higher for female students compared to male students.