Abstract
The liquefied natural gas (LNG) tank outlet pipe is the weak part of any LNG vaporizing station. Due to the ultralow temperature characteristics of LNG, pipeline damage or leakage may cause major accidents. This paper used the finite element analysis method and the CAESAR II software to analyze the stresses of LNG storage tank outlet pipes and flanges in a LNG vaporizing station, the influencing factors (compensator type, compensator position, LNG density, pressure, temperature) are analyzed, and stress reduction measures are discussed. According to the results of the analysis, the following main conclusions can be obtained: (1) the most dangerous working condition of the LNG storage tank outlet pipe is the precooling condition; under this condition, the comprehensive stress, displacement and support force are the largest; (2) compared with the Z-type and L-type compensators, the effect of the π-type compensator to reduce the stress of the low temperature pipe is the best; (3) when the length of the cold tightening unit is 40% of the cold shrinkage, the stress reduction effect is the best.
Highlights
It is expected that the global liquefied natural gas (LNG) supply will increase by about 50% in 2020 compared to 2016
The LNG storage tank is the key equipment in a LNG vaporizing station and it plays an important role in the whole process
The results provide the basis for setting the thermal compensation, precooling speed and precooling parameters of the LNG cryogenic pipeline in the pre-cooling process [16]
Summary
It is expected that the global liquefied natural gas (LNG) supply will increase by about 50% in 2020 compared to 2016. A LNG vaporizing station is a small treatment site for LNG gasification to supply the gas pipeline network. It mainly has the functions of receiving, storing, and vaporizing LNG. The LNG storage tank is the key equipment in a LNG vaporizing station and it plays an important role in the whole process. The difference between LNG pipelines and ordinary oil and gas pipelines is that LNG poses a low temperature hazard, and once a leakage occurs, any exposed human body will suffer frostbite and the leaked LNG will cause the material to contract, causing further damage to the pipelines and equipment, resulting in more serious leaks
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