Abstract
Aim: To compare new design implant-supported removable partial dentures retained with anterior fixed prosthesis with a conventional locater and bar attached implant overdenture prostheses retained by two or four implants via photoelastic stress analysis. Materials and Methods: Seven edentulous mandibuler acryclic models prepared and divided into two main groups; two to four implant models, subgroup separation as stated; for two implant models overdenture with locator attachment, crown design retained removable prosthesis with clasp retention, bridge design retained removable prosthesis with clasp retention, bridge design retained removable prosthesis with precision attachment retention; and for four implant models prosthesis with bar attachment overdenture, fixed bridge design retained removable prosthesis with clasp retention, fixed retained removable prosthesis with precision attachment retention. A 300 N load was applied to the first premolars. Photoelastic stress analysis method that is a specific method concerning stress visualization, and does not require statistical analysis, was used. The stress distributions were seen in optically using a poloriscope. Results: In the models with two implant-retained removable partial dentures, the stress distribution was found to be lower than that with the four implant-retained removable partial dentures. Nonsplinted implants caused high stress around the distal implant on the loading side. Conclusion: The stress loads were transmitted to other implants by splinting. Implant-supported removable partial dentures with an anterior fixed prosthetic design show lower stress distributions compared with bar retained prosthesis. These dentures appear to be advantageous in terms of stress transmission.
Highlights
A new alternative treatment protocols without complex surgical or grafting procedures has become popular in clinical dentistry
When models were compared, the stress loads were transmitted to other implants by splinting
Implant-supported removable partial dentures with an anterior fixed prosthetic design may serve as an acceptable and affordable alternative treatment option. These dentures appear to be advantageous in terms of stress transmission considering effects such as ease of use, esthetic requirements, patient requests, and reduction in the area covered by the prosthesis
Summary
A new alternative treatment protocols without complex surgical or grafting procedures has become popular in clinical dentistry. Previous studies; focused on the selection the type of attachment system, it is important to consider that the system must allow for optimum stress distribution around the implants, provide the most equal load transmission (both for soft tissue and the implant complex), and protect the bone from stress within physiological limits. This way, undesirable stress and complications are avoided, and bone may be preserved.[5,6]
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