Streptomyces sp. Strain MUSC 125 from Mangrove Soil in Malaysia with Anti-MRSA, Anti-Biofilm and Antioxidant Activities.

Hefa Mangzira Kemung,Jodi Woan-Fei Law,Kok-Gan Chan,Loh Teng-Hern Tan,Hooi-Leng Ser,Bey-Hing Goh,Learn-Han Lee

doi:10.3390/molecules25153545

Abstract

There is an urgent need to search for new antibiotics to counter the growing number of antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains, one of which is methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Herein, we report a Streptomyces sp. strain MUSC 125 from mangrove soil in Malaysia which was identified using 16S rRNA phylogenetic and phenotypic analysis. The methanolic extract of strain MUSC 125 showed anti-MRSA, anti-biofilm and antioxidant activities. Strain MUSC 125 was further screened for the presence of secondary metabolite biosynthetic genes. Our results indicated that both polyketide synthase (pks) gene clusters, pksI and pksII, were detected in strain MUSC 125 by PCR amplification. In addition, gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) detected the presence of different chemicals in the methanolic extract. Based on the GC-MS analysis, eight known compounds were detected suggesting their contribution towards the anti-MRSA and anti-biofilm activities observed. Overall, the study bolsters the potential of strain MUSC 125 as a promising source of anti-MRSA and antibiofilm compounds and warrants further investigation.

Highlights

The emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria poses a serious global health problem in which antibiotic-susceptible pathogenic bacteria mount defensive mechanisms against effects of current antibiotics [1]
The current work well supports the genomic evidence of strain MUSC 125 in an earlier study and establishes the fact that Streptomyces sp
This study further substantiates the bioactive potentials of strain MUSC

Summary

Introduction

The emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria poses a serious global health problem in which antibiotic-susceptible pathogenic bacteria mount defensive mechanisms against effects of current antibiotics [1]. It is worrisome, as these antibiotic-resistant bacteria have been identified in food sources [2]. In spite of efforts to introduce several new anti-MRSA drugs, which are derivatives of traditional antibiotics [6], vancomycin and daptomycin remain superior in treating complicated MRSA infection [8]. Few studies from clinical settings reported findings of MRSA from patients treated with vancomycin [9] and daptomycin [10]. The limited treatment options at hand coupled with the growing resistance to the last resort first-line anti-MRSA drugs has urged the

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