Streptococcus thermophilus ST285 Alters Pro-Inflammatory to Anti-Inflammatory Cytokine Secretion against Multiple Sclerosis Peptide in Mice.

Narges Dargahi,John Matsoukas,Vasso Apostolopoulos

doi:10.3390/brainsci10020126

Abstract

Probiotic bacteria have beneficial effects to the development and maintenance of a healthy microflora that subsequently has health benefits to humans. Some of the health benefits attributed to probiotics have been noted to be via their immune modulatory properties suppressing inflammatory conditions. Hence, probiotics have become prominent in recent years of investigation with regard to their health benefits. As such, in the current study, we determined the effects of Streptococcus thermophilus to agonist MBP83–99 peptide immunized mouse spleen cells. It was noted that Streptococcus thermophilus induced a significant increase in the expression of anti-inflammatory IL-4, IL-5, IL-10 cytokines, and decreased the secretion of pro-inflammatory IL-1β and IFN-γ. Regular consumption of Streptococcus thermophilus may therefore be beneficial in the management and treatment of autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis.

Highlights

There is an increasing trend in immune-mediated disorders across the world that is believed to be in part, a result of intestinal dysbiosis
The polarized inflammatory state of cytokines as a result of the immunization regimen and further exposure of spleen cells to the recall MBP83–99 peptide that operate as inflammatory stimuli, compared to the U937 monoclonal cells only being exposed to S. thermophilus 285 (ST285) bacteria, might give a clue as to the ability of ST285 probiotics to dampen the inflammatory immune response in the instance of exposure to polyclonal spleen cells
Immunization of SJL/J mice with agonist MBP83–99 peptide conjugated to mannan induces Th1 pro-inflammatory IFN-γ responses and no Th2 anti-inflammatory responses when spleen cells are co-cultured in vitro in the presence of the agonist recall MBP83–99 peptide

Summary

Introduction

There is an increasing trend in immune-mediated disorders across the world that is believed to be in part, a result of intestinal dysbiosis. The imbalance in the intestinal ecosystem can lead to a dysfunctional immune system that causes immune disorders including autoimmune diseases (multiple sclerosis, MS) and other inflammatory disorders [1,2]. Probiotics have long been implicated for the overall improvement of health and the management of a number of health conditions including infection, constipation, allergies, and autoimmune diseases, and are either consumed in the form of different fermented foods and dairy products or taken as capsules. There is strong evidence that suggests that the ingestion of probiotics can alter intestinal dysbiosis and relieve dysfunctionality complications, with subsequent improvements to health [3]. While the GIT microflora relies on the gut’s warm habitat and food content, in return, it provides numerous unique bioactive components such as vitamins B and K, minerals, short chain fatty acids (SCF), and miosins to the host, but it assists in modulating the immune system [3]

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