Abstract
BackgroundStreptococcus suis is a zoonotic pathogen, causing meningitis and septicemia. We previously demonstrated that the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) is an entry site for zoonotic S. suis infection. Here we studied the contribution of Streptococcal adhesin Protein (SadP) to host-pathogen interaction at GIT level.MethodsSadP expression in presence of Intestinal Epithelial Cells (IEC) was compared with expression of other virulence factors by measuring transcript levels using quantitative Real Time PCR (qRT-PCR). SadP variants were identified by phylogenetic analysis of complete DNA sequences. The interaction of SadP knockout and complementation mutants with IEC was tested in vitro.ResultsExpression of sadP was significantly increased in presence of IEC. Sequence analysis of 116 invasive strains revealed five SadP sequence variants, correlating with genotype. SadP1, present in zoonotic isolates of clonal complex 1, contributed to binding to both human and porcine IEC and translocation across human IEC. Antibodies against the globotriaosylceramide Gb3/CD77 receptor significantly inhibited adhesion to human IEC.ConclusionSadP is involved in the host-pathogen interaction in the GIT. Differences between SadP variants may determine different affinities to the Gb3/CD77 host-receptor, contributing to variation in adhesion capacity to host IEC and thus to S. suis zoonotic potential.
Highlights
Streptococcus suis (SS) is an emerging zoonotic pathogen which can cause severe disease including meningitis and septic shock in human and pigs [1]
Streptococcal adhesin Protein (SadP) gene expression increases in the presence of human and porcine Intestinal Epithelial Cells (IEC)
Transcript levels were determined in isolates representing zoonotic (SS2/ CC1 strain 10) and non-zoonotic (SS9/CC16 strain 8067) S. suis types (Table A in S1 File), following 4 hours of co-culture in cell culture media without IEC and with human (Caco-2) and porcine (IPEC-J2) IECs
Summary
Streptococcus suis (SS) is an emerging zoonotic pathogen which can cause severe disease including meningitis and septic shock in human and pigs [1]. The genotype contributes to virulence of S. suis [3, 4]. S. suis serotype 2 (SS2) isolates belonging to MLST clonal complex 1 (SS2/CC1) are considered highly virulent and zoonotic [2]. In the Netherlands, SS2 isolates belonging to MLST clonal complex 20 (SS2/CC20), contribute to human disease [4]. S. suis serotype 9 (SS9), part of MLST clonal complex 16 (SS9/CC16) and the main cause of porcine S. suis infections in Northern Europe, is rarely associated with human infection [4, 5]. Streptococcus suis is a zoonotic pathogen, causing meningitis and septicemia. We studied the contribution of Streptococcal adhesin Protein (SadP) to hostpathogen interaction at GIT level
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