Abstract
Reinforced concrete shear walls are one of the most widely used lateral load structural resisting elements in high rise buildings. Introducing openings in existing shear walls may be due to remodeling or municipality considerations, such as placement of staircases, windows, doors and elevators. Making openings in existing shear wall decrease the overall structural capacity and integrity of the wall, in addition to stress concentrations around the openings. This necessitates the strengthening of the opening rim with FRP wraps. This paper focuses on developing a 3D high-reliability dynamic nonlinear finite element model on ABAQUS theory manual and users’ manual, version 6.10 (2010) to simulate the behavior of shear walls with openings strengthened with FRP wraps to investigate their seismic response under the monotonic loads. The proposed FE model has been validated using previous experimental data in literature. The FE results indicated that the proposed configuration of CFRP laminates substantially increases the lateral load strength and deformation capacity of the shear wall with openings and also improves the ductility and energy dissipation of the shear wall.
Highlights
Reinforced concrete shear walls represent a structurally efficient solution to stiffen a building structural system under lateral loads
The results showed that the carbon fiber-reinforced polymers (CFRP)-strengthened wall with central window opening (R-WO) had the highest toughness and ductility between all wall specimens and the CFRP strip configurations have a significant effect on the performance of the strengthened walls and failure modes
In Scheme 5, a 500.0-mm-length singleply U-shaped single-ply unidirectional CFRP laminates were applied through the door opening and fully wrapped around wall thickness on the left pier and a 500.0-mmlength single-ply U-shaped single-ply unidirectional CFRP laminates were applied on the right pier that extended for a distance of 300.0 mm from wall opening edge at both wall faces
Summary
Reinforced concrete shear walls represent a structurally efficient solution to stiffen a building structural system under lateral loads. The experimental results showed the improvement of the structural capacity of shear walls under lateral loading and the strip configurations has a major effect on the behavior of the strengthened walls and failure modes. Mosallam and Nasr (2016) have experimentally investigated the strengthening of reinforced concrete shear walls with openings using CFRP composite laminates under cyclic lateral loading. Behfarnia and Shirneshana (2017) have developed a nonlinear FE model to investigate the lateral behavior of the squat shear wall with opening strengthened by FRP strips with four different configurations. This paper mainly focused on investigating the structural behavior of the RC shear walls with openings strengthened by CFRP composite laminates under monotonic lateral loading using finite element (FE) analysis. CFRP retrofitting schemes enhanced the crack patterns at the opening zone
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