Abstract
To accommodate utilities in buildings, different sizes of openings are provided in the web of reinforced concrete deep beams, which cause reductions in the beam strength and stiffness. This paper aims to investigate experimentally and numerically the effectiveness of using carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) strips, as a strengthening technique, to externally strengthen reinforced concrete continuous deep beams (RCCDBs) with large openings. The experimental work included testing three RCCDBs under five-point bending. A reference specimen was prepared without openings to explore the reductions in strength and stiffness after providing large openings. Openings were created symmetrically at the center of spans of the other specimens to represent 40% of the overall beam depth. Moreover, finite elements (FE) analysis was validated using the experimental results to conduct a parametric study on RCCDBs strengthened with CFRP strips. The results confirmed reductions in the ultimate load by 21% and 7% for the un-strengthened and strengthened specimens, respectively, due to the large openings. Although the large openings caused reductions in capacities, the CFRP strips limited the deterioration by enhancing the specimen capacity by 17% relative to the un-strengthened one.
Highlights
Deep beams are defined as beams with a clear span (Lc ) to overall depth (H) ratio that is less than or equal to four [1]
Pile caps, tanks, folded frames, and foundation walls are some examples of reinforced concrete continuous deep beams (RCCDBs) that carry several small loads and pass them to a small number of reaction points [2,3]
A reference specimen was prepared without openings to explore the reductions in strength and stiffness after providing large openings
Summary
Deep beams are defined as beams with a clear span (Lc ) to overall depth (H) ratio that is less than or equal to four [1]. Previous studies have been the behavior andimportant strengthening of Openingsresearch in the web of RCCDBs areconducted commonlyonused to facilitate utilities, reinforced deep beams with without openings [6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13] The such assupported air conditioner ductsconcrete and electricity cables, andand to provide functionality, such as creation of rectangular and circular openings in shear spans of the reinforced concrete deep doors and windows [2]. Shell elements with multilayers including the adhesive layer This adheapplication of CFRP strips, as a strengthening technique, for RCCDBs with large openings. This paper aims to investigate experimentally and numerically the effectiveness of using carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) strips to externally strengthen reinforced concrete continuous deep beams (RCCDBs) with large openings. The experimental work included testing three RCCDBs under five-point bending
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