Abstract
1. Solution of cadmium and the Cu-50% Cd master alloy in a melt of alloy AL19 takes a long time. The process can be accelerated by stirring or ultrasonic treatment. 2. At concentrations up to 0.1%, cadmium has high surface activity in liquid alloy AL19: The surface tension of the melt decreases and also the interphase tension at the melt-crystal boundary, the cadmium being adsorbed in the surface layer. This favors the formation of a fine-grained structure in the ingot and an increase in strength. 3. With a cadmium concentration over 0.1%, the cadmium is redistributed between the inner volumes and the surface and the density of the melt decreases, which is evidently due to formation of nuclei of copper-cadmium-vacancy clusters; the structure of the ingot becomes coarser and the strength decreases. 4. The modifying and strengthening effects of cadmium are greatest for the cast alloy with a concentration around 0.1%.
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