Abstract
This paper comprehensively reviews the incorporation of waste materials and fibers into concrete to enhance its mechanical properties and environmental sustainability. Waste materials, including carbon fiber, coconut shell aggregate, fly ash, waste glass, and marble waste, have been found to significantly improve concrete properties. For example, carbon fiber admixtures enhance compressive, flexural, and split tensile strength, while fly ash and waste glass replacements improve overall properties. The inclusion of recycled nylon fiber (RNF) and crushed recycled aggregate (CRA) also enhances concrete's mechanical properties, with RNF increasing tensile strength and CRA reducing density. Furthermore, the use of natural fibers like sisal and jute has shown potential for improving compressive strength, tensile strength, and durability. Incorporating these waste materials and fibers into concrete not only enhances its properties but also contributes to environmental sustainability by reducing waste accumulation. Further research is needed to optimize their use for sustainable concrete production, highlighting the importance of utilizing fibers for environmental conservation.
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