Abstract
Background: The continuing high rate of child abuse and sexual violence has highlighted the need for a focused intervention in the form of educating young learners on sexual risks and protection against harmful behaviours and making them aware of their right to be protected. Aim: The aim of this article is to strengthen the comprehensive sexuality education (CSE) curriculum for the early grades and to gain an understanding of teachers’ knowledge of CSE and how it is linked to the Curriculum and Assessment Policy Statement (CAPS): Life Skills. Setting: This study was conducted at two schools in different districts in the Gauteng Province, in environments where rich data could be solicited from the participants regarding their knowledge of how to strengthen CSE in the curriculum. Methods: A qualitative case study was conducted that included eight Foundation Phase teachers and two subject advisors. One focus group interview was held with teachers and subject advisors. The analysis of documents containing teachers’ and subject advisors’ notes was examined through the lens of the Behaviour-Determinant-Intervention (BDI) Logic Model. Results: The data gathered showed the following significant gaps in CAPS: Life Skills CAPS need to be addressed and aligned to the International Technical Guidelines on Sexuality Education (ITGSE), and teachers need to be adequately trained in the content and teaching methodologies of CSE in the early grades. Conclusion: The CAPS curriculum must be aligned to the ITGSE. Teachers need to be trained; detailed scripted lesson plans should be made available to all early-grade teachers and appropriate resources should be provided to support teaching and learning to strengthen the CSE implementation.
Highlights
Widespread sexual violence involving both girls and boys has become a serious concern worldwide (Artz et al 2018)
In one primary school in Gauteng, Pijoos (2017) reported 54 cases of sexual assaults on learners. He provided evidence of a scholar patrol officer who had sexually violated 87 young learners from Soweto in Gauteng Province. This dangerous sexual behaviour is not reported in South African schools only; Express News in the United Kingdom reported that children aged below 12 years were involved in sexting and highlighted challenges experienced with the responses of parents when confronted with their children’s sexual behaviour
With reference to the study’s research findings, the following recommendations can be made for how to strengthen the incorporation of comprehensive sexuality education (CSE) in the curriculum in the early grades
Summary
Widespread sexual violence involving both girls and boys has become a serious concern worldwide (Artz et al 2018). In one primary school in Gauteng, Pijoos (2017) reported 54 cases of sexual assaults on learners He provided evidence of a scholar patrol officer who had sexually violated 87 young learners from Soweto in Gauteng Province. This dangerous sexual behaviour is not reported in South African schools only; Express News in the United Kingdom reported that children aged below 12 years were involved in sexting and highlighted challenges experienced with the responses of parents when confronted with their children’s sexual behaviour. The continuing high rate of child abuse and sexual violence has highlighted the need for a focused intervention in the form of educating young learners on sexual risks and protection against harmful behaviours and making them aware of their right to be protected
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