Abstract
Desulfurization ash and fly ash are solid wastes discharged from boilers of power plants. Their utilization rate is low, especially desulfurization ash, most of which is stored. In order to realize their resource utilization, they are used to modify loess in this paper. Nine group compaction tests and 32 group direct shear tests are done in order to explore the influence law of desulfurization ash and fly ash on the strength of the loess. Meanwhile, FLAC3D software is used to numerically simulate the direct shear test, and the simulation results and the test results are compared and analyzed. The results show that, with the increase of desulfurization ash’s amount, the shear strength of the modified loess increases first and then decreases. The loess modified by the fly ash has the same law with that of the desulfurization ash. The best mass ratio of modified loess is 80:20. When the mass ratio is 80:20, the shear strength of loess modified by the desulfurization ash is 12.74% higher than that of the pure loess on average and the shear strength of loess modified by fly ash is 3.59% higher than that of the pure loess on average. The effect of the desulfurization ash on modifying the loess is better than that of the fly ash. When the mass ratio is 80:20, the shear strength of loess modified by the desulfurization ash is 9.15% higher than that of the fly ash on average. Comparing the results of the simulation calculation with the actual test results, the increase rate of the shear stress of the FLAC3D simulation is larger than that of the actual test, and the simulated shear strength is about 8.21% higher than the test shear strength.
Highlights
Loess is widely distributed all over the world, including East Asia, Central Asia, Central Europe, the United States, Northern Russia, Alaska inland and South America [1]
Phoak et al studied the effects of fly ash on mechanical parameters of loess, and the results showed that fly ash can reduce the maximum dry density of loess, increase the optimal water content and improve the shear resistance [14]
The value of the loess modified by the desulfurization ash is much bigger than that of the loess modified by the fly ash
Summary
Loess is widely distributed all over the world, including East Asia, Central Asia, Central Europe, the United States, Northern Russia, Alaska inland and South America [1]. About 10% of land area of the Earth is covered by loess [2]. About 6.6% of the land area is covered by loess in China [3]. Loess has the characteristics of collapsibility and high sensitivity. It may cause geological disasters such as landslides and uneven settlement of the foundation [2,4,5,6]. We can categorize them into two categories, which are physical methods and chemical methods. The chemical methods are the methods using solidified materials to react with the loess, thereby improving the strength, plasticity and permeability of the loess. There are many kinds of solidified materials, including cement, lime, nano clay, lignin [4,10,11,12], etc
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