Strength symmetry after autograft anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction

Abstract

ObjectiveTo compare postoperative isometric quadriceps strength indices (QI%) and hamstring strength limb symmetry indices (HI%) between partial thickness quadriceps tendon (pQT), full thickness quadriceps tendon (fQT), and bone-patellar-tendon bone (BPTB) autograft anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). MethodsPatients with primary ACLR with pQT, fQT, or BPTB autograft with the documentation of quantitative postoperative strength assessments between 2016 and 2021 were included. Isometric Biodex data, including QI% and HI% (calculated as the percentage of involved to uninvolved limb strength) were collected between 5 and 8 months and between 9 and 15 months postoperatively. ResultsIn total, 124 and 51 patients had 5–8- and 9–15-month follow-up strength data, respectively. No significant difference was detected between groups for sex. However, patients undergoing fQT were found to be older than those undergoing BPTB (24.6±7 vs 20.2±5; ​p = 0.01). There were no significant differences in the number of concomitant meniscus repairs between the groups (pQT vs. fQT vs. BPTB). No significant differences were detected in median (min–max) QI% between pQT, fQT, and BPTB 5–8 months [87 ​% (44%–130 ​%), 84 ​% (44%–110 ​%), 82 ​% (37%–110 ​%) or 9–15 months [89 ​% (50%–110 ​%), 89 ​% (67%–110 ​%), and 90 ​% (74%–140 ​%)] postoperatively. Similarly, no differences were detected in median HI% between the groups 5–8 months or 9–15 months postoperatively. ConclusionThe study was unable to detect differences in the recovery of quadriceps strength between patients undergoing ACLR with pQT, fQT, and BPTB autografts at 5–8 months and 9–15-months postoperatively. Level of evidenceIII.