Abstract
Positive and negative streamer inception voltages from ultra-sharp needle tips (with tip radii below 0.5 μm) are measured in TiO2, SiO2, Al2O3, ZnO and C60 nanofluids. The experiments are performed at several concentrations of nanoparticles dispersed in mineral oil. It is found that nanoparticles influence positive and negative streamers in different ways. TiO2, SiO2 and Al2O3 nanoparticles increase the positive streamer inception voltage only, whilst ZnO and C60 nanoparticles augment the streamer inception voltages in both polarities. Using these results, the main hypotheses explaining the improvement in the dielectric strength of the host oil due to the presence of nanoparticles are analyzed. It is found that the water adsorption hypothesis of nanoparticles is consistent with the increments in the reported positive streamer inception voltages. It is also shown that the hypothesis of nanoparticles reducing the electron velocity by hopping transport mechanisms fails to explain the results obtained for negative streamers. Finally, the hypothesis of nanoparticles attaching electrons according to their charging characteristics is found to be consistent with the results hereby presented on negative streamers.
Highlights
A couple of decades ago, it was experimentally observed that some nanoparticles (NPs) improve the dielectric strength of host dielectric liquids [1]
Positive and negative streamer inception voltages of nanofluids prepared with an interesting scenario to test whether the proposed hypotheses can explain the effect of five different of NPs are investigated for ultra-sharp needles
50% This might be explained by the results presented in [2], where it was experimentally found that the dielectricstrength strength nanofluids improves with reductions of NPs experimentally found that the dielectric of of nanofluids improves with reductions of NPs size
Summary
A couple of decades ago, it was experimentally observed that some nanoparticles (NPs) improve the dielectric strength of host dielectric liquids [1]. Itliquid motion provides an has been recently reported [20], the measurement of streamer initiation from ultra-sharp needles is interesting scenario to test whether the proposed hypotheses can explain the effect of NPs in host oil. Positive and negative streamer inception voltages of nanofluids prepared with an interesting scenario to test whether the proposed hypotheses can explain the effect of five different of NPs are investigated for ultra-sharp needles. Positive and negative streamer inception nanofluids prepared with five different kinds of NPs are investigated for ultra-sharp needles.
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