Abstract
Using the monthly mean NCEP dataset, the analysis of the upward and downward propagation of planetary waves was conducted by means of the three-dimensional Eliassen-Palm (EP) fluxes in the stratosphere. It is shown that the upward/downward EP fluxes are observed in different regions of the atmosphere: their well- known upward propagation takes place over North Eurasia, while the downward one revealed over North Atlantic and Canada in a region of the so-called stratospheric “wave hole”. Generation of the downward wave signal may be associated with a reflection of planetary waves in the upper stratosphere. It is shown that the downward EP flux responsible for the sink of eddy energy from the stratosphere to the troposphere is important in late winter (January-February) for an understanding of the stra- tosphere-troposphere coupling on the interannual and decadal timescales, in particular the 11-year solar cycle influence on the stratosphere. Results presented can explain the unusual behavior of a few winters in the Arctic stratosphere, which are outlier from the known Labitzke, van Loon’s correlations of stratospheric parameters with the 11-year solar cycle under separation in the west/east phases of the equatorial quasi-biennial oscillation.
Highlights
During last decade, a big attention is paid to investigations of the stratosphere and its linkage with the troposphere and weather events
Analysis of the monthly mean 3D vertical EP fluxes indicated the existence of the “stratospheric bridge” forming by the upward planetary wave propagation from the troposphere over North Eurasia in early winter (December) and the downward wave signal from the stratosphere to the troposphere over North Atlantic and Canada in late winter (January-February)
One can take to the external factors the anthropogenic impacts, oceanic forcing and the 11-year solar cycle influence
Summary
A big attention is paid to investigations of the stratosphere and its linkage with the troposphere and weather events. There are large difficulties in the understanding of the Holton – Tan relationship and its decadal violation [10] Another unresolved question is the explanation of an influence of the 11-year solar cycle on the stratosphere under the separation of years with the west/east phases of the QBO [11]. Kodera et al, [13] suggested that the 11-year solar signal propagates downward into the lower stratosphere during the wintertime due to the planetary wave-zonal flow interaction resulting in a possible SC influence on the stratospheric dynamics [14,15]. The aim of this study is to specify the simple physical mechanism of the stratospheric bridge [6,7,17] and explain the outliers from the LvL correlations with the point of view of this mechanism
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