Abstract
Abstract Eight ARCAS meteorological rockets were fired from Wallops Island (38N, 75W) before, during and after the total solar eclipse of 7 March 1970. Detailed temperature and wind data were acquired to an altitude of about 65 km. Pressures and densities were derived by hydrostatic integration of the corrected temperature profiles. A time-height cross section of the temperature data (smoothed to suppress small-scale detail) shows significant cooling mainly in the layer 40–60 km. Maximum amplitude of the temperature perturbation is about 9K, near 50 km. Maximum pressure variation, amounting to a decrease of at least 7%, occurred about one scale height higher, near 58 km. The ARCAS wind observations are independent of the thermodynamic measurements; a time-height analysis of the winds shows a large amplification of the meridional flow, which is found to be consistent with the observed pressure changes. Derivatives in the perturbation equation of motion are evaluated with the aid of a space-time transformat...
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