Strategy of experimental design for intensification of solvent extraction of natural antioxidant flavonoids and phenols from buckthorn textured leaves

Baya Berka,Aicha Hassani,Karim Allaf,George Weaver

doi:10.1080/23312009.2015.1087109

Abstract

AbstractPrior to solvent extraction of plant-based active molecules, adequate texturing by Detente Instantanee Controlee (DIC; French for “Instant controlled pressure drop”) results in overcoming the slow diffusion of the solvent/solute through the solid matrix. This work aimed at determining the impact of DIC pretreatments on buckthorn (Rhamnus alaternus L.) morphology. DIC-operating parameters were selected as the saturated steam pressure, the thermal treatment time, and the number of cycles. A three-parameter five-level response surface method was used to optimize DIC processing parameters. Response factors were the overall and individual yields of flavonol aglycone extraction, and antioxidant activity of both expanded dried material (swell dried leaves) and extracts. The yield of flavonol aglycones was 18.23 mg Kaemp eq/g dry basis (mg Kaemp eq/g db) in 3 min for DIC-treated buckthorn, against 12.24 mg Kaemp eq/g db in 150 min for untreated natural buckthorn raw material. Furthermore, the antioxidant ...

Highlights

Very often, different classes of active molecules are the means the plant uses as adaptation and defense against its environment
In the case we considered, the main response factor was the yields of extracted flavonoids
Flavonoid extraction from buckthorn after Détente Instantanée Contrôlée (DIC) treatment We opted for a gradual drying of the buckthorn leaves to reach final moisture content of 16.28 g H2O/100 g db before storing them for the different treatments

Summary

Introduction

Different classes of active molecules are the means the plant uses as adaptation and defense against its environment. Such molecules can be used as potential sources for new drugs or precursors for the synthesis of certain complex molecules. The buckthorn (Rhamnus alaternus L.) belongs to the family of Rhamnaceae, which contains over 900 species (Punt, Marks, & Hoen, 2003) This is a woody, shrubby, usually small shrub it can reach 5–6 m high. It is present in the rocky and calcareous Mediterranean area regions. This shrub requires little in terms of the nature of soil and tolerates drought and harsh winters

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