Abstract
Tuberculosis is amongst the highest cause death worldwide. According to WHO, an estimated of more than a million people fell ill with Tuberculosis (TB) in 2016. The resistances of the M. tuberculosis (MTb) bacteria make drugs, not that useful in battle with TB. Vaccination is a better choice to avoid the worst cases of TB. The resistance possessed by MTb bacteria with some of the drugs reported creates its challenge to reduce the high rate of TB related death. One of the concerns is the high mortality rate due to TB associated with HIV. However, there’s still no effective vaccine for Tuberculosis-Human Immunodeficiency Virus (TB-HIV). Vaccines for Tuberculosis-HIV even on the way of progress to get the demanding the mutation of the bacteria and challenging scientists to get the right vaccines for this disease. Immunoinformatic is one of the approaches that can speed up the making of the vaccine.
Highlights
Tuberculosis (TB) is recorded as one of the highest causes of death worldwide by 2016 with an estimation of over a million people die from TB (WHO, 2017)
The high mortality rate of Human Immuno Deficiency Virus (HIV) related to TB is the challenge of finding the best strategies to reduce the mortality rate
One of the causes high TB death rates is because TB is transmitted through the respiratory system and most people are late knowing that they have been infected with TB. This is true, especially to people who have been infected with HIV
Summary
Tuberculosis (TB) is recorded as one of the highest causes of death worldwide by 2016 with an estimation of over a million people die from TB (WHO, 2017). An inventive method was invented to restraint the replication of new vaccine in the body This approach allows the immune system to fight future infection with the tuberculosis bacillus without any secondary effect (Hoft et al, 2008). The attention from the whole-cell derived vaccine strategy could make many scientists start researching a way to generate a protective immune response for MTb. The only known vaccine in this approach is recombinant BCG vaccine known as VPM1002. To ensure the effectiveness of the vaccine, the VPM1002 has been made a stable coding for two different MTb virulence factors, phoP and fadD26 Another strategy is to induce a stronger immune response and to make the vaccine more potent. Identifying the antigen to generate the immune response to MTb is one of the steps needed in designing a vaccine. This method needs three-dimensional protein molecule structure in PDB format
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