Strategies for integrating the soft tissue around percutaneous implant

Abstract

Percutaneous implant peripheral infection is one of the major causes of failure and related complications, whereas a good soft tissue seal and integral epithelial barrier play a key role in antagonizing exogenous disturbances and bacteria. This review bases their discovery on skin structures and biological percutaneous devices and investigates the integration mechanism around the structures, which indicates the direction of bionic devices. Implantation initiates superficial wound healing, after which it forms a soft tissue sealing. The proliferation of epithelial cell and the attachment of fibroblast play a key role in the process. Researchers try different materials and change the surface topography in order to induce fibroblast adhesion and prevent epithelial down-growth. At the same time, some scientists coat the implants with some biomolecule, but long-term observation is needed. In the future, with the development of Nano technology and biomaterials, the field involving percutaneous sealing of implants will make much more progress. Key words: Percutaneous implant; Orthopedic implant; Fibroblasts; Epithelial cell; Soft tissue integration