Abstract
Formaldehyde is a poisonous and harmful gas, which is ubiquitous in our daily life. Long-term exposure to formaldehyde harms human body functions; therefore, it is urgent to fabricate sensors for the real-time monitoring of formaldehyde concentrations. Metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) gas sensors is favored by researchers as a result of their low cost, simple operation and portability. In this paper, the mechanism of formaldehyde detection by gas sensors is introduced, and then the ways of ameliorating the response of gas sensors for formaldehyde detection in recent years are summarized. These methods include the control of the microstructure and morphology of sensing materials, the doping modification of matrix materials, the development of new semiconductor sensing materials, the outfield control strategy and the construction of the filter membrane. These five methods will provide a good prerequisite for the preparation of better performing formaldehyde gas sensors.
Highlights
Formaldehyde is a poisonous and harmful gas, which is ubiquitous in our daily life
Formaldehyde exists in a wide range of fields, such as in interior decoration where it is commonly used in plating, paints, carpets, and wallpaper; preservatives and disinfectants used in medicine; even in the textile industry, formaldehyde is added to solvents as an aid for wrinkle resistance, shrinkage prevention and durability of printing and dyeing [2]
The methods of improving the gas response of sensors for highperformance formaldehyde detection in recent years are reviewed, including the control of microstructures and the morphology of sensitive materials, the doping modification of matrix materials, the application of new materials, outfield control and the construction of the filter membrane, the final part of this paper briefly introduces the impact of device structure on sensor performance
Summary
Organization (WHO) stipulates that the indoor formaldehyde content should not be higher than 0.08 ppm. Semiconductor gas sensors are designed based on the principle that the adsorption between semiconductor materials and gas molecules causes the electrical characteristics to change The characteristics such as the short linear range and susceptibility to interference need to be improved, it has advantages such as fast response, low cost, simple structure, long life, miniaturization, easy operation, which make it become one of the research hotpots. When encountering formaldehyde gas, it will undergo a redox reaction with adsorbed oxygen, as shown in Equation (4) [24], the seized electrons will return to the sensitive material, and the carrier depletion zone becomes narrower, changing the conductivity. The methods of improving the gas response of sensors for highperformance formaldehyde detection in recent years are reviewed, including the control of microstructures and the morphology of sensitive materials, the doping modification of matrix materials, the application of new materials, outfield control and the construction of the filter membrane, the final part of this paper briefly introduces the impact of device structure on sensor performance
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