Abstract
Lithium metal anode is considered to be the most promising anode candidate for the next generation of high-specific-energy battery chemistry due to its extremely high theoretical specific capacity and the lowest redox potential. However, the employment of lithium metal anode has been plagued by the inevitable dendrite formation and the infinite volume change. This leads to the low coulomb efficiency and poor cycle stability of the corresponding lithium metal batteries. In this mini-review, for the first time we comprehensively explained the formation mechanism of lithium dendrites. After a brief discussion, we summarized a typical strategies for designing highly stable lithium metal anodes, including the design of a stable solid electrolyte interface (SEI) layer by regulating the electrolyte components and the construction of stable three-dimensional collectors. Based on summarizing the crucial literature, we further analyzed the drawbacks and challenges in the present review and put forth a prospect for further development of highly stable lithium metal anodes for practical Li metal batteries.
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