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Abstract
Objectives: To present a Plug in electric vehicle load model to integrate its maximum loading and distributed generations (DGs) units by maintaining maximum voltage profile value and lesser active and reactive power losses drop in the distribution system. Methods/Statistical analysis: This study comprises in two phases, in first phase IEEE 33-bus radial distribution system with standard data available is simulated using ETAP software. In the second phase, different PEV load model scenario and distributed generation units will be designed and integrated. At each scenario, the voltage profile, active and reactive power losses are observed and strategy is proposed in the manuscript. Findings: The test system gives convincing results even with adoption of new generation and plug-in electrical vehicles load without violating system performance. Novelty/Applications: The proposed study is best suited for practical application of distribution system such as introduction of DG units (i.e.solar PV) and plug-in electrical vehicle load with proper loading. Additionally, this study uses backward-forward sweep method to manage PEVs load with optimum size of DG units; it improves system losses and minimum per unit bus voltage within acceptable limits, unlike other studies. Result of this study allows to use smaller size of DG units with minimum cost. Keywords: Plug-in electric vehicle; radial distribution system; recharging stations; load management; distributed generation
Highlights
Electric vehicles (EV) load model is an important parameter to solve power flow of the grid
RDS with 2 distributed generations (DGs): DG 1 with 30% of load size connected at bus 18, DG 2 with 30% of load size connected at bus 32
Fig 20. %BUS voltage drop across each bus Figure 20 shows % Bus voltage drop across each bus in base case, after integration of PEV load and 2 DGs, DG 1 with 30% of load size connected at bus#18, DG 2 with 30% of load size connected at bus #32
Summary
Electric vehicles (EV) load model is an important parameter to solve power flow of the grid. Size and position of EVs load can be considered in optimal requirement for minimizing impact on the grid. Power flow analysis under various electric vehicle load models are presented, these models are based on modified backward and forward sweep method (1). Demand response(DR) programs and Smart charging and discharging of PEV are examined for enhancing the reliability of radial distribution system with the help of particle swam optimization(PSO) algorithm. Channa et al / Indian Journal of Science and Technology 2020;13(30):3113–3127. Priority is given to DR and PEVs in order to improve reliability and analyzing characteristics of distribution systems(2). An impact of PEVs on distribution network voltage unbalance is investigated.
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