Abstract
The efficiency of land transportation contributes significantly to determining a country’s economic and environmental sustainability. The examination of land transportation efficiency encompasses performance and environmental efficiency to improve system performance and citizen satisfaction. Evaluating the efficiency of land transportation is a vital process to improve operation efficiency, decrease investment costs, save energy, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and enhance environmental protection. There are many methods for measuring transportation efficiency, but few papers have used the input and output data to evaluate the ecological efficiency of land transportation. This research focuses on evaluating the environmental efficiency for land transportation by using the data envelopment analysis (DEA) method with undesirable output to handle unwanted data. By using this, the paper aims to measure the performance of land transportation in 25 Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries in the period of 2015–2019, considered as 25 decision-making units (DMUs) in the model. For identifying the ranking of DMUs, four inputs (infrastructure investment and maintenance, length of transport routes, labor force, and energy consumption) are considered. At the same time, the outputs consist of freight transport and passenger transport as desirable outputs and carbon dioxide emission (CO2) as an undesirable output. The proposed model effectively determines the environment-efficient DMUs in a very time-efficient manner. Managerial implications of the study provide further insight into the investigated measures and offer recommendations for improving the environmental efficiency of land transportation in OECD countries.
Highlights
Introduction published maps and institutional affilAs the economy becomes more developed, the demand for goods circulation between areas, countries, or regions in the world increases rapidly
The purpose of the present study is to propose the data envelopment analysis (DEA) undesirable output model for measuring the performance of land transportation of 25 OECD countries as 25 decision-making units (DMUs)
The DEA method is thought to be an excellent approach to evaluate the relative efficiency of DMUs with many inputs and outputs, and it does not require determining the relationships between inputs and outputs through subjective assumptions
Summary
As the economy becomes more developed, the demand for goods circulation between areas, countries, or regions in the world increases rapidly. In the current era of globalization, transportation plays a vital role in linking local and global economies, shortening the geographical distance to reduce costs, reducing commodity prices, and promoting trade development. Forecast, the demand for global transportation will rapidly increase during the three decades; the total transport activity is expected to more than double by 2050 under the trajectory reflecting the current trend. 2.3 times, and freight transport demand will increase 2.6 times [1]. Land transport consists of three modes: road, rail, and pipeline; inland waterways (IWW) transport is added in some European studies. Because pipeline transport has a completely different specificity, this type of transport is often omitted in iations
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