Abstract
This chapter provides an overview of the process of enhanced biological phosphate removal (EBPR) from wastewater. The principle of EBPR was first found in 1970s. It presents three experimental approaches, which describe the strategies for the characterization of bacterial community in EBPR process: the measurement of acetoacetyl-CoA reductase activity, which indicates that the amount of the enzyme actually present is much higher than the amount that is needed to ensure the observed polyhydroxybutyrate synthesis rate; fluorescence in situ hybridization to characterize the bacterial community of activated sludge; and polymerase chain reaction, which demonstrates the diverse nature of the EBPR community. The EBPR process is characterized by the circulation of activated sludge through anaerobic and aerobic phases, coupled with the introduction of influent wastewater into the anaerobic phase. Such a configuration is called the anaerobic-aerobic activated sludge process. By this configuration, polyphosphate-accumulating organisms (PAOs) are ecologically selected and grow to dominance in the process. The chapter concludes that it is important to develop as many probes for PAOs and to apply them to as many EBPR sludge as possible with the metabolic characterization of the EBPR sludge tested.
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