Strain compatibility and shear zones: is there a problem?

Abstract

In analyzing deformation in rocks, it is important to ensure that the solutions obtained satisfy strain compatibility. This creates a challenge to understanding patterns of strain associated with shear zones, in which measured strain may appear incompatible with the strain in the shear zone walls. Flattening strains are common in natural shear zones with locally straight and parallel boundaries: to satisfy compatibility conditions such strains require volume loss across the shear zone or deviations from plane strain, with or without discontinuities between the shear zone and the wall rock. In the case of shear zones for which there is no evidence of volume loss or discontinuities along the shear zone walls, problems of strain compatibility may be resolved if individual shear zones are linked together in an appropriate fashion. Shear zones commonly occur in anastomosing arrays, and simple configurations of such arrays and the strains associated with them are examined. It is shown that local transpression with strain compatibility can be accounted for in this way. Quite complex local strain patterns can develop in simple arrays.