Straightforward Synthesis of Insensitive 2-(1-Hydroxy-2,2-dinitrovinyl)guanidine and Its Guanidinium Dinitromethanide Salt as a High Energy Density Material.

Abstract

High energetic 2-(1-hydroxy-2,2-dinitrovinyl)guanidine and guanidinium dinitromethanide (GDNM) salt were synthesized in one and two steps using a simple and cost-effective methodology from commercially available inexpensive starting materials with a high yield. NMR, IR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and differential scanning calorimetry studies were used to characterize compound 2a and GDNM salt. Single-crystal XRD, Hirshfeld surface analysis, and SEM analysis were used to study the crystal structure, hydrogen-bonding/noncovalent interactions, and morphology of the GDNM salt, respectively. The physicochemical and energetic properties of compound 2a and GDNM salt reveal their good energetic performance, specific impulse, and high mechanical insensitivity, which are better than that of propellants such as ADN and AP and close to that of the benchmark explosives such as RDX and FOX-7.