Abstract
Storm surges (the significant sea level rises due to a drop in surface atmospheric pressure and an increase in wind velocity during the passage of deep cyclones over the coastal areas) pose a formidable threat to the coastal settlements of Sakhalin and the South Kuril Islands. As a result of flooding of coastal areas, the impact of storm waves on the shores and coastal facilities is sharply increased. The greatest damage caused by surges on 10.11.1990 and 9.11.1995 which affected the most populated southern part of Sakhalin Island. A long-term sea level series were analyzed, recorded at 9 coastal tide gauges located on the coast of Sakhalin Island and South Kuril Islands. Estimates for the maximum heights of the storm surges and tidal level were obtained separately, as well as for the rare recurrence of the total sea level height with the probability of these individual components superposition. The maximum total height of the sea level was obtained for the Kurilsk station, where the highest storm surge was recorded. The minimum values were obtained for southwestern coast of Sakhalin Island (Kholmsk and Nevelsk stations) were tides are small. Seasonal and inter-annual variations of strong waves were analysed from the data of visual observations.
Highlights
IntroductionStorm surges (significant sea level rises due to a drop in surface atmospheric pressure and an increase in wind velocity during the passage of deep cyclones over the coastal areas) pose a formidable threat to the coastal settlements of Sakhalin and the South Kuril Islands
Storm surges pose a formidable threat to the coastal settlements of Sakhalin and the South Kuril Islands
Surges are often accompanied by extreme storms, and the impact of storm waves on the shores and coastal facilities has sharply increased, resulting in flooding of the coastal areas
Summary
Storm surges (significant sea level rises due to a drop in surface atmospheric pressure and an increase in wind velocity during the passage of deep cyclones over the coastal areas) pose a formidable threat to the coastal settlements of Sakhalin and the South Kuril Islands. Economic damage from surges has declined resulted from a significant population reduction in this area This problem can again become acute in the case of commercial development of the offshore oil and gas fields in Sakhalin Bay. In the southern part of Sakhalin Island, the magnitude of storm surges is much smaller the maximum values are about 1.4 in the southeast and about 1 m in the southern and southwestern parts of the coast. For a safe design of industrial facilities and transport communications in the coastal zone, it is necessary to estimate heights of the total sea level of rare recurrence Such estimates can be obtained by compositing the distributions of meteorological and tidal sea level fluctuations [2, 3] that considers the probability of coincidence of the surge with low tide or with high tide. We give a two-week segment of sea level observations in Kurilsk in early November 1990
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