Storage protein variability in natural populations of maté (Ilex paraguariensis) in Brazil

Tatiana Schäffer Gregianini,Helga Winge

doi:10.1590/0103-8478cr20180451

Tatiana Schäffer Gregianini, Helga Winge

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20180451

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Abstract

ABSTRACT: Samples of 168 maté trees (Ilex paraguariensis) from four natural populations of different states of Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina, Paraná and Mato Grosso do Sul) were analyzed for their variability in storage proteins seed, which were used to estimate the degree of differentiation among and within species, because are relatively stable during evolution. Data on band presence/absence from 80 different polypeptides were used to perform similarity coefficient of Jaccard. A high level of genetic variability was reported within sampled populations (SJ intra=0.374). Lower levels of diversity were observed between populations (SJ inter=0.308). Total genetic diversity of maté was Hsp=0.264 estimated by Shannon measure. Partition of that value disclosed that 95 % of the total diversity is within-population, and only 5% to between-populations. The phenogram based on King’s distances indicates a certain degree of geographic differentiation. This represents the first study on storage protein variability in I. paraguariensis and guides the choice of the specimens to increment germoplasm banks and genetic improvement programs.

Highlights

Ilex paraguariensis is a native tree from South America, occurring in Brazil, Paraguay, Argentina and in spots in Uruguay (GRONDONA, 1954)
This paper aimed to analyze the genetic variability of four native populations of maté from Mato Grosso do Sul (MS), Paraná (PR), Santa Catarina (SC) and Rio Grande do Sul (RS) States, Brazil, distributed towards a northwestern/southeastern geographic transect, and evaluate the degree of genetic differentiation among these populations based on their patterns of seed storage proteins
More than 70% of the analyzed bands weighted less than 46 KDa and most of them less than 30 KDa

Summary

Introduction

Ilex paraguariensis is a native tree from South America, occurring in Brazil, Paraguay, Argentina and in spots in Uruguay (GRONDONA, 1954). Maté stimulates the central nervous system due to its xantines, such as caffeine and theobromine, acting as anti-inflammatory, antirheumatic, diuretic, appetite moderator, decreases total cholesterol and LDL-C, and blood glucose, and may have potential antiobesity effect, potential anticonvulsant and antioxidant effects (GOSMANN et al, 1989, RICCO et al, 1995, GUGLIUCCI & STAHL, 1995, GUGLIUCCI, 1996, GOLDENBERG, 2002, FAGUNDES et al, 2015). I. paraguariensis extracts acts in the antidepressant process, presents antimutagenic effect on yeast cell populations (BRACESCO et al, 2003), on cancer cell proliferation (GONZALEZ DE MEJIA et al, 2005), have cardioprotective effects in rats (SCHINELLA et al, 2005) and antimicrobial in vitro against Escherichia coli and Proteus mirabilis (COSTA et al, 2017). Most of information refers to seedling management, tree pruning, diseases, and industrial processing

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