Storage of grains and technical plants through active ventilation for the purpose of maintaining the quality of stored products

Anişoara Pӑun,Samir Yasbeck Khozamy,Oana Cristea,Gheorghe Stroescu,Vasilica Ştefan,Alexandru Zaica,Ana Zaica,Carmen Bălţatu,G.P Negreanu,C Ertekin,M Tazerout,N.V Vlăduţ

doi:10.1051/e3sconf/202128603010

Abstract

The problem of grain storage and storage can be approached from two perspectives: storage and storage of cereals and technical plants within individual agricultural holdings; storage and storage of cereals and technical plants within agricultural associations and companies. At the level of Romania, the storage and storage of cereals at small agricultural producers are deficient in terms of ensuring optimal storage conditions according to standards. These variants include: preservation at low temperatures; preservation by active aeration; self-preservation; chemical preservation; conservation with the help of radiation. In the paper we will approach the conservation by active aeration because it folds better for small agricultural producers. Proper aeration is one of the most important processes in a grain storage system and is essential for maintaining the quality of stored products. Aeration means the movement of a relatively small volume of air through the grain mass in order to control the temperature of the grain and to reduce the risk of product degradation. The two main objectives of aeration are to maintain a uniform temperature in the grain mass and at the same time the temperature must be as low as possible from a practical point of view. The paper will present the results of experiments for storing bulk grain in a metal cell with central aeration system, which is based on a patent. This type of storage system can be used successfully in small agricultural producers.

Highlights

Prior to processing, agricultural products must be stored in optimal storage conditions to ensure maximum preservation of long-term nutritional qualities and to eliminate depreciation of biological properties
Analyzing figure 4 we find the balance of moisture content for a particular species depends on the relative humidity of the air and the storage temperature
For short-term storage, cereal seeds must be pre-cleaned, not infested and have a maximum moisture content of 16% in the case of straw cereals or maize, 13% in soybeans and a maximum of 11 % for sunflower;

Summary

Introduction

Agricultural products must be stored in optimal storage conditions to ensure maximum preservation of long-term nutritional qualities and to eliminate depreciation of biological properties. Regarding the storage and conservation systems of agricultural products in the form of seeds, the most rational and economical system for Romania is that of dry storage (for a long time) According to this system, cereal and legume seeds are harvested when they have reached biological maturity and have a humidity below 14% in the case of straw cereals and seed corn, less than 11% in soybeans and less than 8% in sunflower In recent years, there have been more efficient ways of preserving cereals with greater or lesser applicability in agricultural practice. Aeration means the movement of a relatively small volume of air through the mass of grain in order to control the temperature of the grain and reduce the risk of product degradation

Methods

Results

Conclusion