Abstract
Several grafting methods have been developed, and bench grafting with stratification is the most widely used technique, except in Brazil, which is still in adaptation. The objective of this study was to evaluate for how long plant material can be stored before the grafting and the optimum temperature for stratification. Cultivar 'Paulsen 1103' was used as rootstock and 'Niagara Rosada' as scion cultivar. The storage period treatments were 0, 30, 60 and 90 days at the temperature of 3 ℃ and 95% of relative humidity. After the storage period, the branches were removed from the cold chamber, taken to grafting, and then placed at 19 °C and 24 °C for stratification. After 21 days of stratification, the vine grafts were planted in commercial substrate and left to grow for 160 days. The vine cuttings of cultivars Niagara and Paulsen 1103 can be stored in cold chamber at 3 °C for 90 days and, during this period, bench grafting can be performed at any time. However, the vines from cuttings stored in cold chamber for more than 30 days have better growth. It is recommended to stratify the vine grafts at 19 °C.
Highlights
The success of viticulture is directly related to the quality of the vine grafts used in the vineyard implantation
Among the several grafting techniques developed, the bench grafting with callus forcing, which was created in France in 1960, is the most widely used in grape producing countries, except in Brazil, where the technique is still in adaptation (Regina, 2002; Regina et al, 2012)
No significant interaction was found between storage times and stratification temperatures for survival percentage and number of roots (Table 1)
Summary
The success of viticulture is directly related to the quality of the vine grafts used in the vineyard implantation. The technique has been continuously studied and has been presenting satisfactory results in the production of quality vine grafts (Köse e Güleryüz, 2006; Korkutal et al, 2011; Regina et al, 2012; Maroli et al.,2014; Vršiè et al, 2015; Assunção et al, 2016). This technique involves a few steps that must be followed strictly, which are: collecting and preparing propagative material, cold storage in high humidity, grafting, forcing, and planting. The objective of this study was to identify the optimum storage time and the optimum forcing temperature to produce quality vine grafts with satisfactory initial vegetative growth
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