Abstract
This paper represents a multidisciplinary approach to biomechanics (medicine engineering and mathematics) in the field of collum femoris fractures, i.e., of osteosyntheses with femoral/cancellous screws with full or cannulated cross-sections. It presents our new numerical model of femoral screws together with their stochastic (probabilistic, statistical) assessment. In the first part of this article, the new simple numerical model is presented. The model, based on the theory of planar (2D) beams on an elastic foundation and on 2nd-order theory, is characterized by rapid solution. Bending and compression loadings were used for derivation of a set of three 4th-order differential equations. Two examples (i.e., a stainless-steel cannulated femoral screw and full cross-section made of Ti6Al4V material) are presented, explained, and evaluated. In the screws, the internal shearing forces, internal normal forces, internal bending moments, displacement (deflections), slopes, and mechanical stresses are calculated using deterministic and stochastic approaches. For the stochastic approach and a “fully” probabilistic reliability assessment (which is a current trend in science), the simulation-based reliability assessment method, namely, the application of the direct Monte Carlo Method, using Anthill software, is applied. The probabilities of plastic deformations in femoral screws are calculated. Future developments, which could be associated with different configurations of cancellous screws, nonlinearities, experiments, and applications, are also proposed.
Highlights
Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.Femoral fractures rank among the most commonly observed fractures in traumatology and orthopedics; see [1].Proximal femoral neck fractures (PFN fractures, collum femoris fractures) are typical intracapsular fractures representing a significant clinical problem; see Figure 1.While the femur, i.e., os femoris, is the strongest bone in the human body, the collum femoris is the weakest part of the femoral bone
I.e., os femoris, is the strongest bone in the human body, the collum femoris is the weakest part of the femoral bone
This paper aims to perform deformation and strength analyses and assessments of various femoral screws and, subsequently, to evaluate the results by (i) a deterministic approach, see [1], and (ii) a probabilistic, i.e., stochastic, approach based on the simulationbased reliability assessment (SBRA) method presented in this article
Summary
Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.Femoral fractures rank among the most commonly observed fractures in traumatology and orthopedics; see [1].Proximal femoral neck fractures (PFN fractures, collum femoris fractures) are typical intracapsular fractures representing a significant clinical problem; see Figure 1.While the femur, i.e., os femoris, is the strongest bone in the human body, the collum femoris is the weakest part of the femoral bone. Femoral fractures rank among the most commonly observed fractures in traumatology and orthopedics; see [1]. Proximal femoral neck fractures (PFN fractures, collum femoris fractures) are typical intracapsular fractures representing a significant clinical problem; see Figure 1. I.e., os femoris, is the strongest bone in the human body, the collum femoris is the weakest part of the femoral bone. PFN fractures disrupt the integrity of the with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affil-. 2022, 12, x FOR PEER REVIEW hip joint, i.e., articulatio coxae, and are associated with increased risk of avascular necrosis and other problems, with possibly relatively high patient morbidity and mortality. In particular, osteoporotic women are at the greatest risk of PFN fractures caused by sudden falls, i.e., small-force injuries and low-energy trauma
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