Abstract
A mechanism is proposed to explain why gauge fixing reduces the speed of convergence to equilibrium in Monte Carlo simulations of lattice gauge theories, relative to unfixed theories. This is proven theoretically for U(1) theory (with and without fermions) in the framework of stochastic quantisation and verified by Monte Carlo simulations of the pure U(1) theory. It is shown that with certain realistic assumptions the Fokker-Planck equation models Monte Carlo simulations based on the Metropolis and heat bath algorithms.
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