Abstract
Due to the universality of gravitational interactions, it is generally expected that a stochastic gravitational wave (GW) background could form during the reheating period when the inflaton perturbatively decays with the emission of gravitons. Previously, only models in which the inflaton dominantly decays into a pair of light scalar and/or fermion particles were considered in the literature. In the present paper, we focus on the cases with a vector particle pair in the final decay product. The differential decay rates for the three-body gravitational inflaton decays are presented for two typical couplings between the inflaton and vector fields, from which we predict their respective GW frequency spectra. It turns out that, similar to the scalar and fermion cases, the obtained GW spectra is too high in frequency to be observed by the current and near-future GW detection experiments and calls for a new design of high-frequency GW detectors.
Highlights
After the discovery of gravitational waves (GWs) by the Advanced LIGO Collaboration [1], we are entering an exciting era to exploit GWs to probe the early Universe and new physics beyond the Standard Model (SM)
We focus on GW productions in models in which the inflaton mainly decays into a pair of vector particles during reheating
For the purpose of comparison, we have presented in both plots sensitivities of the ongoing Advanced LIGO experiment [8] and of several future GW detection experiments, such as aLIGO designed [8], LISA [9], DECIGO [10] and SKA [11]
Summary
After the discovery of gravitational waves (GWs) by the Advanced LIGO (aLIGO) Collaboration [1], we are entering an exciting era to exploit GWs to probe the early Universe and new physics beyond the Standard Model (SM). [5] that one possible source of the stochastic GW background might come from heavy particle decays in the early Universe This mechanism is interesting if we consider the decays of the inflaton during the reheating epoch. In light of the universality of the gravitational interaction, it is unavoidable that gravitons could be emitted by the inflaton decays, but with a rate suppressed by a factor of ðM=MPlÞ2, in which M denotes the mass of the inflaton and MPl the reduced Planck mass. As a result, it was found in Ref.
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