Abstract
The dynamics of slow gas atoms at surfaces of solids is studied. A slow motion implies that the particle velocity is lower than the sound speed in the solid. A specific property of such systems is that the energy exchange with the long-wave phonons makes the dominant contribution to the dynamic gas–solid interaction. On this basis the solid is modelled by an elastic continuum. The many-body problem is reduced to the three-dimensional Langevin equation describing the particle motion by excluding the phonon variables. Both bulk and surface phonons are taken into account. The friction matrix is presented as a product of two matrices. One of them is space dependent and the other one depends on the elastic constants of the solid. The latter is calculated for isotropic media and for (001), (011) and (111) faces of some cubic crystals.
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