Abstract
We performed low-bias STM measurements on underdoped Bi2212 crystals, and confirmed that a two-dimensional (2D) superstructure with a periodicity of four lattice constants (4 a ) is formed within the Cu–O plane at T < T c . This 4 a ×4 a superstructure, oriented along the Cu–O bonding direction, is nondispersive and more intense in lightly doped samples with a zero temperature pseudogap (ZTPG) than in samples with a d -wave gap. The nondispersive 4 a ×4 a superstructure was clearly observed within the ZTPG or d -wave gap, while it tended to fade out outside the gaps. The present results provide a useful test for various models proposed for an electronic order hidden in the underdoped region of high- T c cuprates.
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