Abstract

Stimulus control occurs when the probability of behavior is greater under certain environmental conditions than others. It is a basic behavioral process and has relevance for all areas of human behavior and development, including social interaction, language, concept formation, theory of mind, and education. This entry provides an overview of stimulus control and reviews discrimination training procedures to establish control by stimuli (e.g., prompting and fading) as well as the spread of stimulus control to new stimuli or stimulus combinations (generalization). Particular emphasis is placed on conditional stimulus control , a term used to describe situations in which the presence and absence of one stimulus modifies the effects of another stimulus. Conditional discrimination forms the basis for understanding many complex behavioral phenomena.

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