Abstract
Ever since two distinct molecules of human interleukin-1 (termed interleukin-1α and interleukin-1β) were cloned, sequencd and expressed, it has been a matter of investigation whether these two forms of interleukin-1 possess an identical spectrum of biological activities. Our current studies of interleukin-1 and its involvement in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis have indicated that there is a clear-cut differential response to interleukin-1α and interleukin-1β. The intravenous injection of human recombinant interleukin-1β significantly increased the plasma levels of adrenocorticotropic hormone in a dose-related manner, whereas interleukin-1α did not. This observation suggests for the first time that the two members of the interleukin-1 family may have a different spectrum of biological actions.
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