Stimulating Tropical Soils with Na+ Cl- Radicals and Reclamation of Na+ Cl- Salinity Using Biochar and Hydro-Leaching Technology: A Sustainable Strategy for Management of Saline and Sodic Soils Under Climate Change

Abstract

Humanity suffered far-more-than 80% increase in environmental-climatic-ecosystem-degradation. As a modality towards sustainable-solution to salt-soil toxicity with climate-change, and for the reclamation/management of global Salt Affected-Soils, this study investigated soil-salinity status with the objectives of x-raying sustainable approaches for the management and reclamation of salt-affected soils. Stimulations and laboratory studies were conducted to induce soil samples with 70g of Na+Cl- radicals which follow a reclamation procedure with 70 g of biochar technology and leaching with one (1) liter of distilling water. Results indicated the two reclamation strategies were able to reclaim soils induced with inducing Na+Cl- radicals at a Coefficient of Variation value at (CV=62%) which indicated a high variability potential in the reclamation technology. Forecasting results indicated that the area could remain free of salt, but if unsustainable practices like the application of untreated wastewater for irrigation, then a percentage at a high dosage of salt (4.3 dS/m for Na+Cl-) could result as observed during the inducement stage of this experiment. Biotechnical tools like Biochar at 70g are recommended for reclamation at a pot stage of salinity influence, and at a larger dosage for larger fields, as this could drive sustainable soil-productivity.