Abstract
This paper reviews some new spectroscopic techniques, broadly defined under the title of stimulated emission spectroscopy, which add to the information on activated crystals obtained by conventional luminescence and absorption techniques. Emphasis is placed on studies of the Stark structure of levels, and of the electron-phonon interaction. Experiments are included on lasers with dispersive resonators (prisms etc.), lasers with “combined active media”, and with “photon injection”. Also covered are high temperature (up to ~ 1000° K) spectroscopic analyses of stimulated emission, and multiplication and selfmultiplication (lasers based on non-linear crystals). Analysis of the temperature broadening and shifting of lines can be used to determine the effective Debye temperature for a given activator and a given medium. The kinetic studies have made possible estimation of the non-radiative de-activation time. Other measurements reveal the symmetry of activator centres through magneto-optical investigations. Spectroscopic analysis of the output of phonon lasers yields information on the phonon states of the crystal-matrix.
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