Abstract
The aim was to evaluate Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni) extract (SE) effects on performance productive and gut health variables in broilers from 1 to 15 days old. SE from Stevia leaves was added to broilers diet (0.5% to 1%). Seventy-five Ross male broilers (1 to 15 days old) were distributed into T1: commercial type, without SE, T2: T1 plus 0.5% SE, T3: T1 plus 1% SE. Performance productive were measured as Average Daily Weight Gain (g/broiler/day), Average Daily Consumption Feed (g/broiler/day) and Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR). At 15 days of age, all the broilers were dissected, gut removed and processed for histomorphometric study. In gut was measured VH/CD Ratio. Results: FCR was better (P ? 0.05) in T3 and T2 than T1. In gut, VH/CD ratios showed T2 < T3 < T1 (P ? 0.05). Goblet cells number and mucus layer height were increased in broilers receive SE, especially in T2 and plasmatic cells number increased in T3. Conclusion: SE (0.5% to 1%) enhanced gut histomorphometric variables, improved gut health, mainly when SE is added at 0.5% in the broiler diet from 1 to 15 days old. It was reflexed in a better FCR in both groups received this phytobiotic.
Highlights
The avian gastrointestinal system is a unit where digestive gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) and microbiome coexist since its birth
Performance productive were measured as Average Daily Weight Gain (g/broiler/day), Average Daily Consumption Feed (g/broiler/day) and Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR)
It was reflexed in a better FCR in both groups received this phytobiotic
Summary
The avian gastrointestinal system is a unit where digestive gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) and microbiome coexist since its birth. Gut microbiomes modulate different physiological functions, such as: digestion, absorption, energetic metabolism, immune system developed, diseases prevention (Maynard et al, 2012; Lee & Lillehoj, 2016; Peralta et al, 2017; Bouwens & Savelkoul, 2019; Celi et al, 2019). These aspects have directed the researches to look for natural products, called natural additives growth promoters (NAPG) They include probiotics, prebiotics, symbiotic (product with prebiotic and probiotic functions), organic acids, enzymes, and phytobiotics, with good prognostic for using in avian nutrition, but some of them are still in the preliminary studies. NAPG include substances with carboxyl group like organic acids, enzymes (absent in avian) and bioactive natural substances derivate of plants (Phytobiotics) (Grashorn, 2010; Huyghebaert, et al, 2011; Allen et al, 2013; Sugigharto, 2013; Lee & Lillehoj, 2016; Peralta et al, 2018a, 2019; Kogut, 2019; Kim & Lillehoj, 2019)
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