Abstract
Sterol Regulatory Element-binding Proteins (SREBPs): Key Regulators of Nutritional Homeostasis and Insulin Action
Highlights
Two of the three major isoforms are produced from the SREBP-1 gene, which contains two promoters (6)
The longer amino-terminal region in SREBP-1a contains a high percentage of acidic amino acids that make it a potent transcriptional activation domain
Using a nuclease mapping technique to evaluate the relative levels of SREBP-1a and SREBP-1c mRNA, the ratio was shown to vary over an ϳ50 –100-fold range in different tissues of the body
Summary
Two of the three major isoforms are produced from the SREBP-1 gene, which contains two promoters (6). SREBPs are the only mammalian bHLH proteins that have been identified with the unique tyrosine residue in their DNA binding domain, and they are not present in the nucleus until a low sterol level activates their proteolytic release from their membrane tether. Several distinct genes of both cholesterol and fatty acid metabolism were directly activated by SREBPs in studies performed in cultured cells (Ref. 19, and references therein).
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