Abstract
The steroidal saponins are plant glycosides and they often possess properties such as froth forming, hemolytic activity, toxicity to fish, and complex formation with cholesterol. Some of the steroidal saponins isolated recently have been shown to be antidiabetic,1 antitumor,2 antitussive3 and platelet aggregation inhibitors.4 These reports have prompted us to carry out systematic studies on steroidal saponins of the Liliaceae and Agavaceae5 plants. Our studies have resulted in the isolation of a number of new steroidal saponins including cholestane glycosides and steroidal alkaloids, some of which appeared to possess unique chemical structures and exhibited significant biological activities. In this review, we present steroidal compounds with novel structural features. The positive inotropic effects of steroidal and triterpene saponins associated with inhibition of cAMP phosphodiesterase (PDE) and antitumor activities of cholestane glycosides are also presented.
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