Abstract
Canine inflammatory mammary cancer (IMC) shares clinical and histopathological characteristics with human inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) and has been proposed as a good model for studying the human disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the capacity of female and male mice to reproduce IMC and IBC tumors and identify the hormonal tumor environment. To perform the study sixty 6–8-week-old male and female mice were inoculated subcutaneously with a suspension of 106IPC-366 and SUM149 cells. Tumors and serum were collected and used for hormonal analysis. Results revealed that IPC-366 reproduced tumors in 90% of males inoculated after 2 weeks compared with 100% of females that reproduced tumor at the same time. SUM149 reproduced tumors in 40% of males instead of 80% of females that reproduced tumors after 4 weeks. Both cell lines produce distant metastasis in lungs being higher than the metastatic rates in females. EIA analysis revealed that male tumors had higher T and SO4E1 concentrations compared to female tumors. Serum steroid levels were lower than those found in tumors. In conclusion, IBC and IMC male mouse model is useful as a tool for IBC research and those circulating estrogens and intratumoral hormonal levels are crucial in the development and progression of tumors.
Highlights
Human inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) is the most aggressive mammary neoplasia that affects women [1, 2]
Several human IBC cell lines have been established in order to study the mechanisms of this special type of breast cancer in vitro such as SUM149, SUM190, and MDA-IBC-3
This study was intended to develop a male animal model for elucidating which endocrine factors may be involved in breast carcinogenesis, comparing tumor growth and intratumoral steroids levels in female and male mice inoculated with IBC and inflammatory mammary cancer (IMC) cell lines (SUM149 and IPC-366 cell lines, resp.)
Summary
Human inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) is the most aggressive mammary neoplasia that affects women [1, 2]. The main histological characteristic of the disease in both species is the massive invasion of dermal lymphatic vessels by neoplastic cells which blocks lymph drainage causing the characteristic edema [5, 6]. In both species, this type of cancer is highly angiogenic and angioinvasive [4, 7,8,9].
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