Abstract
Ballistocardiography (BCG) is a method for measuring the small vibrations of the body caused by the beating of the human heart. In this study, vibration measurements of the sternum for the purpose of noninvasive hemodynamic monitoring during total body immersion in water are recorded and examined for the first time. Three individuals wore a low-noise accelerometer while immersed in water of varying temperature up to the neck, and Valsalva maneuvers were performed. The resulting waveforms reveal distinct differences in signal morphology between three postures and two water temperatures, suggesting that underwater BCG could be applied in aquatic environments without a need for electrodes.
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