Sterilization of Men with Developmental Disabilities: A Historical Perspective and Modern Conundrum

Abstract

The development of the vasectomy as a form of permanent sterilization was first described in the 1900s. 1 Reilly PR Involuntary sterilization in the United States: a surgical solution. Q Rev Biol. 1987; 62: 153-170https://doi.org/10.1086/415404 Crossref PubMed Scopus (37) Google Scholar However, the indications for vasectomy were vastly different than those in contemporary practice. Initial series were performed on institutionalized persons including criminals, the “mentally defective,” and the “insane.” 2 Reilly PR Eugenics and involuntary sterilization: 1907–2015. Annu Rev Genom Hum Genet. 2015; 16: 351-368https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-genom-090314-024930 Crossref PubMed Scopus (40) Google Scholar This practice became widespread and ushered in the Eugenics Movement of the early 20th century, aiming to ensure the health of the human race by eliminating “defective genes.” 2 Reilly PR Eugenics and involuntary sterilization: 1907–2015. Annu Rev Genom Hum Genet. 2015; 16: 351-368https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-genom-090314-024930 Crossref PubMed Scopus (40) Google Scholar Following World War II and the disapproval of Nazi Eugenics, state sterilization programs rapidly declined. 1 Reilly PR Involuntary sterilization in the United States: a surgical solution. Q Rev Biol. 1987; 62: 153-170https://doi.org/10.1086/415404 Crossref PubMed Scopus (37) Google Scholar Now, laws protecting reproductive freedom of vulnerable populations forbid federal funding for involuntary sterilization of incompetent persons. 3 Hoangmai P Barron L In the patient's best interest ? Revisiting sexual autonomy and sterilization of the developmentally disabled. West J Med. 2001; 175: 280-283 Crossref PubMed Scopus (7) Google Scholar