Stereotactic robot-assisted transperineal prostate biopsy under local anaesthesia and sedation: moving robotic biopsy from operating theatre to clinic.

Abstract

This IRB-approved prospective pilot study evaluates the safety and feasibility of performing stereotactic robot-assisted transperineal MRI-US fusion targeted prostate biopsy under local anaesthesia (LA) with sedation. 30 patients who underwent robotic transperineal prostate biopsy between September 2017 and June 2018 were recruited. All biopsies were performed with the iSR'obot Mona Lisa® and BK3000 ultrasound system. Intravenous paracetamol 1g, with midazolam and fentanyl were given at positioning. After administration of 5mL of 1%-lidocaine into the perineal skin 2cm above and lateral to the anus, periapical prostatic block with 10mL mixture of 1%-Lidocaine and 0.5%-Marcaine was given. The median age of patients was 66years (range 53-80years). Median PSA and mean prostate volume were 8.1ng/ml (range 4.2-20.6ng/ml) and 40.1cc (range 18.6-70cc). 24 (80.0%) patients had targeted prostate biopsy, with median number of targeted cores of 8 (range 5-16). All patients had saturation biopsy and median number of saturation cores was 21 (range 9-48). Mean dose of intravenous midazolam given was 1.5mg (range 0-5mg) and intravenous fentanyl was 75mcg (10-150mcg). No patient required conversion to GA. Two patients required motion compensation of 3mm and 7.5mm, respectively, due minor movement. Immediate post-operative pain score was 0 for all patients. 29 of 30 patients (96.7%) were discharged within 24h of procedure. There were no immediate severe complications. Adenocarcinoma was detected in 19/30 (63.3%) cases. This pilot feasibility study showed that stereotactic robotic transperineal MRI-US fusion targeted prostate biopsy can be safely and accurately performed under LA with sedation.