Stereotactic Radiosurgery for Brain Lesions

Abstract

Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) is a technique for obliterating intracranial targets that are inaccessible or unsuitable for open surgical techniques by means of well-collimated beams of ionizing radiation. A high-dose, single fraction of radiation is delivered to a defined volume of tissue. The entrance and exit doses are distributed in such a way that tissue outside the target is minimally affected. Treatment effects are seen on scans or angiograms after several months or a few years; consequently, follow-up scans are necessary. The first 72 patients who underwent SRS at the Department of Neurological Sciences and Radiation Therapy, Christian Medical College and Hospital were followed. Of the 72 treated, 35 had arteriovenous malformation, while 37 had brain tumors. Of the 37 patients with brain tumors, 14 had meningioma and 17 had acoustic neuroma. Six patients had other lesions such as pineal tumor, hemangioblastoma, astrocytoma, or metastasis. Of 72 patients, 43 came for follow-up. Twenty-three of the followed-up patients showed improvement; 10 clinically and radiologically remained the same, and 2 died due to recurrence. Of 43 patients, 3 continue to have cranial nerve deficit. Four patients were later found to have central necrosis and clinical deterioration. Observation of outcome following SRS helps neuroscience nurses to identify home healthcare strategies such as chest care, eye care, facial massage, and exercises along with the other specific nursing care. Although nursing care has become more technically oriented, the patient's physical, educational, spiritual, and emotional needs must be addressed.