Stereoselective Taurine Conjugation of (R)-Benoxaprofen Enantiomer in Rats: In Vivo and in Vitro Studies Using Rat Hepatic Mitochondria and Microsomes

Abstract

Identify (R)-BOP-T in rat bile after administration of (R)-BOT over a 12 h period. Each benoxaprofen (BOP) enantiomer was administered i.v. to bile duct-cannulated rats at a dose of 5 mg/kg. The optical isomers of BOP and its metabolites in plasma, urine, and bile were quantified using a chiral HPLC column. The amounts of BOP glucuronide (BOP-G), BOP taurine conjugate (BOP-T), and BOP enantiomers excreted into the bile over 12 h after administration of (R)-BOP were as follows: (R)-BOP-G and (S)-BOP-G, 2.1 +/- 0.5 and 6.2 +/- 1.4% of the dose; (R)-BOP-T and (S)-BOP-T, 5.6 +/- 1.8 and 0.7 +/- 0.3% of the dose; (R)-BOP and (S)-BOP, 0.7 +/- 0.1 and 1.7 +/- 0.2% of the dose, respectively, whereas after (S)-BOP administration, (S)-BOP-G and (S)-BOP were mainly excreted into the bile (14.3 +/- 1.8 and 3.0 +/- 0.4% of the dose, respectively). Only after (R)-BOP administration was the taurine conjugate of BOP found in the bile, and the configuration was R. BOP-T could not be found in the bile after (S)-BOP administration. To investigate the stereoselectivity of the conjugation enzymes responsible for BOP-T formation, in vitro studies were performed using rat hepatic organelles. When (R)-BOP was used as a substrate, rat hepatic mitochondrial and microsomal fractions exhibited stereoselective BOP-T formation activity, with microsomal activity approximately 3.0 times greater than that of the mitochondria. That of (S)-BOP was approximately 2.1. Mean (R)/(S) ratios of BOP enantiomer for BOP-T formation in the mitochondrial and microsomal incubations were approximately 1.7 and 2.4, respectively. Although in the in vivo studies, only (R)-BOP-T originated from (R)-BOP was found in the bile, the configuration of BOP-T formed by the incubations of (R)-BOP or (S)-BOP with rat hepatic mitochondria or microsomes was S for both.